The use of cocaine by members of the general public in Europe was initially in the form of:
Studies of the mechanism of action of the amphetamines have focused mainly on:
Paranoid psychosis can be produced by:
One of the more disturbing side effects of treating ADHD with amphetamines or methylphenidate (Ritalin) is:
Cocaethylene:
What is cocaine still used for medically?
Which famous physician studied cocaine as a treatment for morphine dependence and depression?
In 1935, the wake-promoting effect of amphetamine led to testing it for the treatment of ________, which is defined as a condition in which the individual spontaneously falls asleep as many as 50 times a day.
When laboratory animals are given unlimited opportunities to self-administer cocaine injection,
Snuff and chewing tobacco do contain potent carcinogens, including high levels of ________.
_ is defined as a whitening and thickening of the mucous tissue in the mouth, and it is considered to be a precancerous tissue change.
Nicotine acts in the brain by:
The psychological effect of cigarette smoking is:
Which of the following statements is true of the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act signed by President Barack Obama in 2009?
One of the most consistent and best-documented effects of cigarette smoking during pregnancy is ________ of infants.
Annual “smoking attributable mortality” in the United States is estimated at:
In 2000, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the FDA:
The most common type of oral smokeless tobacco in the United States is ________, and a small pinch is dipped out of the can and placed beside the gum, often behind the lower lip.
The legend of the discovery of coffee relates to:
Caffeine works in the brain by:
The most consistent withdrawal symptom after chronic caffeine use is:
The largest exporters of coffee to the United States are:
The maximum CNS effect of caffeine is reached about ________ after drinking coffee.
Which of the following statements is true of the physiological effects of caffeine?
The early history of coffee included a 1674 pamphlet from England titled:
Most regular brewed teas have about how much caffeine per cup?
One thing that apparently contributed to the spread of opium smoking in China was:
In 1898, Bayer laboratories marketed diacetylmorphine tablets under the brand name:
“Black tar” is:
The two major active chemicals in opium are:
Which of the following is a difference between heroin and morphine?
Heroin is more potent than morphine because:
Vicodin and OxyContin are examples of:
Possession of opium, morphine, or heroin without a prescription was made a crime by:
During the 1950s, one U.S. government agency that conducted research with LSD was the:
A close relative of LSD, d-lysergic acid amide, is found naturally in:
Because psychedelic drugs are capable of producing hallucinations and some altered sense of reality, a state that could be called psychotic, they have been referred to as ________ drugs.
_ is the street name for 1-(1-phenylcyclohexyl) piperidine hydrochloride (PCP) that were sometimes sprinkled onto oregano, parsley, or alfalfa and sold to unsuspecting youngsters as marijuana.
Which of the following most accurately describes recent psilocybin research?
The indole that is originally found in toad skins and turns out not to be a very potent psychedelic, is:
The anticholinergic plant with a forked root that is mentioned in the Bible is:
LSD and psilocybin belong to the chemical grouping of:
Hashish refers to:
The current shift in the U.S. public’s attitude toward marijuana laws is probably partly related to which of the following?
A consistent cognitive effect of marijuana, seen both in frequent users and in less experienced users, is:
A great number of studies have consistently reported that smoked marijuana and oral THC both produce:
The 70 chemicals that are known to be unique to the cannabis plant are called:
Which of the following is a behavioral effect of marijuana on humans?
Which of the following is true of the absorption, distribution, and elimination of delta-9- tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in the human body?
The natural substance in the body that has marijuana-like effects is called: