As a result of increased enforcement efforts, the courts and correctional facilities are inundated with mostly low-level drug offenders. Public support of the newest campaign in the war on drugs is starting to wane as increasing taxes to build new jails to house pretrial detainees is discussed
If the grand jury finds probable cause to hold the defendant for trial, it returns a(n):
The operation of two separate and distinct court systems in the United States is referred to as:
A law in action perspective stresses the importance of discretion.
Legislatures did not become a principal source of law in the United States until the 20th century.
The crime control and due process models were developed by Herbert Packer.
The judge is generally the most influential official of the court house actors.
Habeas corpus, motions to vacate sentence, mandamus, and Section 1983 and Bivens civil rights actions are all examples of what type of petitions?
Which article of the U.S. Constitution established the U.S. Supreme Court and gave Congress the power to create lower courts?
One of the principal activities of this organization is the education and training of federal judicial personnel, including judges, probation officers, clerks of court, and pretrial service officers.
The Military Trials for Enemy Combatants Act was passed in .
The onset of the Industrial Revolution increased the caseload of the federal courts.
It is likely that the number of federal judgeships will be increased in the short term.
S. magistrate judges assist U.S. district judges by hearing felony cases.
The judicial council is the basic administrative unit of a circuit.
Intermediate courts of appeals do which of the following?
Which of the following courts embody the concept of therapeutic jurisprudence?
In states without intermediate appellate courts, state courts of last resort:
Violent offenses are times more likely to occur in urban as opposed to rural areas.
Some states have no trial courts of limited jurisdiction.
In domestic violence courts, a single judge handles multiple criminal, family court, and divorce cases involving the same defendant.
Nowhere is the policy-making role of state high courts of last resort more apparent than in deciding death penalty cases.
A justice of the peace court is an example of a trial court of general jurisdiction.
The due process model starts with the premise that crime is a reflection of:
Most states consider children to be juveniles until they reach which birthday?
Which act mandated deinstitutionalization of juvenile offenders?
Which 1967 U.S. Supreme Court case held that juvenile courts must provide due process protections?
Shared norms are the hallmark of courtroom work groups.
The number of juveniles transferred to criminal court peaked in 1994, but has since declined.
In juvenile court, petition cases are handle formally.
There are three primary mechanisms for juvenile transfers to adult criminal courts.
Women make up approximately what percentage of judges in the United States?
Which concept is directly related to the reality that the criminal courthouse is not a single organization but rather a collection of separate institutions that gather in a common workplace?
The right to a speedy trial:
Assembly-line justice, discretion, and the courtroom work group are all concepts used to explain what?
The same differences of opinion about crime that characterize society as a whole likewise divide courthouse actors.
Discretion is exercised at every key decision point within the criminal justice system.
The clerk of court is also referred to as a prothonotary, register of probate, and clerk.