APOL 104 Test 2
APOL 104 Test 2 Liberty University Answers
Updated 2017
- We should apply critical thinking to communications and information that we receive from:
- Oversimplifying a complex issue to make it seem that only two options are possible is an example of a False Dilemma Fallacy.
- Selective Perception is arguing a point by selecting and presenting only the evidence that supports one’s current position or opinion.
- Assessing the outcomes or how well our decisions are working can be a valid part of critical thinking.
- The Big Bang cannot explain where matter originated.
- Seeking to discredit people’s arguments by attacking their personal character, origin, associations, etc. rather than their idea is what type of fallacy?
- Christianity, Judaism, and Islam all describe an intelligent designer.
- Which of the following is an argument(s) used to explain the existence of God?
- The moral argument suggests that absolute morality does not exist.
- According to Powell the “Big Bang theory” fails to address the issue of sufficient cause.
- The members of the Trinity do not all have the same eternal qualities.
- The Argument from Design, observes nature, and concludes that it demonstrates randomness rather than intentionality or a plan.
- When asked by John the Baptist, Jesus referenced his miracles as evidence that he was indeed the Son of God.
- People from the city of ________________ were noted in the Bible as being of “noble character”, because they went to the scriptures to see if what Paul was saying was true.
- Irreducible complexity is the idea that many molecular machines are simply too complex to have formed via evolution.
- “Raising an irrelevant issue to divert attention from the primary issue” is which of the following Informal Logical Fallacies:
- “You can’t trust my opponent. Here she is speaking to you on the values of abstinence and abstinence education. Everyone knows she had a child out of wedlock while a teenager herself” is an example of:
- The term critical in critical thinking literally means to be unaccepting of any opinion outside of one’s own beliefs.
- An argument against an action on the unsupported assertion that it will lead to a much worse condition is what type of Fallacy?
- Everyone has a right to an opinion but that does not make every opinion accurate or correct.
2016
1. A person sometimes uses a logical fallacy if he/she realizes his/her argument is weak.:
2. The view that no rational proof is necessary for belief is:
3. Even the most basic biological mechanisms that we know are irreducibly complex.
4. According to Powell, which of the following point toward belief in a transcendent, personal, intelligent designer?
5. Oversimplifying a complex issue to make it seem that only two options are possible is an example of a Dilemma Fallacy.
6. When researching a topic, a critical thinker should avoid investigating the many sides of an issue to avoid confusion. The person should pick a position and find content to support the position.
8. Seeking to discredit people’s arguments by attacking their personal character, origin, associations, etc. rather than their idea is what type of fallacy?
9. Critical thinking:
10. An argument is an attempt to offer evidence to demonstrate the soundness of an opinion.
11. Selective Perception is arguing a point by selecting and presenting only the evidence that supports one’s current position or opinion.
12. A person can know about God through:
13. Accepting the opinions of others as one’s own opinion without applying critical thinking skills to that opinion is what type of decision‑making?
14. The Argument from Design, observes nature, and concludes that it demonstrates randomness rather than intentionality or a plan.
15. When asked by John the Baptist, Jesus referenced his miracles as evidence that he was indeed the Son of God.
16. The act of faith does not involve the intellect since faith is a spiritual belief.
17. An argument against an action on the unsupported assertion that it will lead to a much worse condition is what type of Fallacy?
18. An argument that justifies a course of action because “everyone else is doing it” is an example of:
19. Which of the following is not one of the three important steps involved in Critical Thinking?
20. Faith and reason are both necessary for Christian belief.
21. The word “cosmos” is a Greek word that refers to:
22. “I cannot be a Christian because all Christians are hypocrites” is an example of:
23. “Mom, can I have a smart phone? All of my friends have one” is an example of:
24. Making a judgment about an entire group based on the behavior of a few from that group is what type of fallacy?
25. Using the Begging the Question fallacy is the same as using circular reasoning.
26. The fallacy of exclusion is used when evidence that would affect the conclusion is purposefully left out.
27. “Evidence does not exist to prove humans were created by God therefore man was not created by God” is an example of:
28. Evidence is:
29. The term critical in critical thinking literally means to be unaccepting of any opinion outside of one’s own beliefs.
30. Indecision, not making a decision, is actually a decision in itself.
31. Man cannot know that God exists through his use of reason.
32. “Mom, can I have a smart phone? All of my friends have one” is an example of:
33. The two primary ways evidence is gathered: data gained from an external source and ________.
34. “Raising an irrelevant issue to divert attention from the primary issue” is which of the following Informal Logical Fallacies:
35. Using the Begging the Question fallacy is the same as using circular reasoning.
36. The Bible is all the evidence that we as Christians need. To investigate and use any other form of evidence is not profitable or advisable in defending your faith.
37. Seeking to discredit a person’s argument by attacking their personal character, origin, associations, etc. rather than their idea is what type of fallacy?
38. When a shooting takes place at a school arguing that the reason it occurred was because of gun laws alone is what type of fallacy?
39. Everyone has a right to an opinion but that does not make every opinion accurate or correct.
40. “Evidence does not exist to prove humans were created by God therefore man was not created by God” is an example of:
41. “The Bible is the Word of God because it says so” is an example of Begging the Question.
42. Presenting another person’s argument in a weak, misrepresented, or exaggerated form in order to win the argument is what type of fallacy?
43. We should apply critical thinking to communications and information that we receive from:
44. When a critical thinker is asked a question that he/she does not know the answer to the best approach is to try to answer it anyway so that the person does not think they are ignorant.
45. “Mom, can I have a smart phone? All of my friends have one” is an example of:
46. People from the city of ________________ were noted in the Bible as being of “noble character” because they went to the Scriptures to see if what Paul was saying was .
47. Assessing the outcomes or how well our decisions are working can be a valid part of critical thinking.